專題二十二　圖表類與說明文

　　針對高考訓練

　　一、單項填空

　　1.(2024山東濰坊聯考)—Wang Ming,will you take part in the coming National English proficiency contest?

　　— 　 We should catch the precious chance.?

　　A.Out of the question!B.That’s for sure.

　　C.For what? D.Why bother?

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查情景交際。答語的下一句提到“我們應該抓住這次寶貴的機會”,由此可知答話人“肯定”要參加。故B項符合語境。A項表示“不可能”;C項表示“那又怎么樣”;D項表示“為什么費事”。

　　2.(2024湖北八市高三調考) Many people see the use of “dama” as　 that the more advanced a country becomes,the more influential its language is.?

　　A.evidence B.balance

　　C.reference D.preference

　　答案:A

　　解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:很多人認為“大媽”一詞的使用證明一個國家越發達,這個國家的語言影響力也會越大。evidence“證據,證明”;balance“平衡”;reference“參考”;preference“喜歡;偏好”。根據句意可知選A項。

　　3.We should give the disabled encouragement to live 　 as we do.?

　　A.as a rich and full life

　　B.as rich and full a life

　　C.so a rich and full life

　　D.so rich and full a life

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查as...as的用法。句意:我們應該給那些殘疾人以鼓勵讓他們過上和我們一樣富有和豐富的生活。當so,as,how等后面跟的名詞是可數名詞時,把形容詞放在冠詞之前,如so cold a day,故選B項。

　　4.(2024河北保定高三模擬)It is acknowledged that 　 shortest distance between persons is 　 sincere smile.?

　　A.a;the B.the;a

　　C.a;不填 D.the;不填

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查冠詞用法。句意:人們普遍認為人與人之間最短的距離是真誠的微笑。第一空考查形容詞最高級前加the;第二空考查抽象名詞具體化,a smile“一次微笑”。

　　5.—Do you think a war will break out between the two countries?

　　—　Their conflict can be settled if they’re willing to sit down for peace talks.?

　　A.No way. B.That’s for true.

　　C.Why not? D.It depends.

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查交際用語。句意:——你認為這兩國之間會有戰爭爆發嗎?——視情況而定了。如果他們愿意坐下來和平談判的話,他們的沖突可能會被解決。No way.“沒門。”;That’s for true.“確實如此。”;Why not?“為什么不?”;It depends.“視情況而定”。根據句意可知選D項。

　　6.(2024江蘇揚州中學高三模擬)A good “teammate” doesn’t 　 make a good partner.Those who put their partners in this category were most 　 to describe their relationship as slightly unhappy.?

　　A.necessarily;possibly B.likely;possibly

　　C.necessarily;likely D.likely;likely

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查副詞和形容詞。句意:一個好隊員未必是個好伙伴。把同伴放在這個類別里面的人最有可能把他們的關系描述成有點不愉快的。第一空是not necessarily“未必”;第二空用likely,因為這是Sb. is likely to do...“某人有可能做……”。

　　7.The number of those missing in the New Zealand’s quake was reported more than 200,including those recovered bodies that have yet to be 　.?

　　A.judged B.recognized

　　C.identified D.confirmed

　　答案:C

　　解析:judge“鑒別”;recognize“辨認出”;identify“辨明身份”;confirm“證實”,此處意指對死者身份的辨別,故用identified。

　　8.—I wonder why the thinnest plastic bags,though 　,are still in use here.?

　　—Well,it’s no easy job to solve this problem effectively.

　　A.banning B.banned

　　C.to ban D.having banned

　　答案:B

　　解析:ban “禁止”,與主語plastic bags是動賓關系,故用過去分詞形式banned跟在連接詞though后面。

　　9.It has been blamed that fireworks 　 during the Spring Festival often lead to danger and pollution.?

　　A.got off B.turned off

　　C.set off D.put off

　　答案:C

　　解析:句意:春節期間放煙花經常導致危險和污染,這已受到了責備。此處用過去分詞set off作定語修飾fireworks表示“引爆”。get off“離開;動身”;turn off“關閉”;put off“推遲”。

　　10.I’m sorry I didn’t hear what you said.I 　 the picture.?

　　A.am looking at B.looked at

　　C.has looked at D.was looking at

　　答案:D

　　解析:句意:對不起,我沒有聽清你所說的話,我(剛才)正在看這幅畫。此處要用過去進行時表示剛才正在進行的狀態。

　　二、閱讀理解

　　Should you be friends with your employees?I’m the type of person who likes to be friends with everyone.As I developed my company,I got to a point where I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.Here are the issues:

　　You’ll naturally become closer friends with some people,but others will think you play favorites.When you promote people who are your friends,how will the rest of the company view that promotion and how will that influence your team’s culture and the people who are promoted?Even if the promotion is well deserved,other employees are unlikely to view it that way.You’ll be considered as a manager who plays favorites.And,realistically,it’s probably hard not to at least subconsciously (潛意識地) favor your friends.

　　Your friends treat you differently compared to your employees.You don’t want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.

　　Your employees might find it easier not to be friends with you.Let’s say you have an employee who works hard and doesn’t have enough time for his or her family and friends.Do they want you as a friend?Probably not.It was easy for me to be friends with everyone when we had 25 employees.But it is much more difficult when we had over 150 employees.

　　Friends are equals.You’ll make decisions that determine who gets specific tasks,compensation and other things that are very important to your employees’ future.That doesn’t make you equals,and it creates a lot of problems for your friendship.

　　Friends talk about work with each other.The last thing you want to do is to be involved in office gossip.If you’re friends with an employee and that employee complains about work,what do you do with that information?If you do nothing,you’re basically agreeing with what he or she says.However,they probably don’t want someone who will force them to deal with the problem.

　　【語篇導讀】老板是老板,員工是員工,別以為老板跟員工交朋友是什么好事,那會存在許多弊端。

　　1.What is this passage mainly about?

　　A.How to make friends with employees.

　　B.Advantages of being friends with employees.

　　C.Friendship between employers and employees.

　　D.Disadvantages of being friends with employees.

　　答案:D

　　解析:主旨大意題。由第一段中“As I developed my company,I got to a point where I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.”和下文的舉例可知文章主要講關于老板和員工做朋友的弊端。

　　2.What can we learn from this passage?

　　A.Employees are ready to be friends with employers.

　　B.It is necessary for employers to be friends with employees.

　　C.The promotions of employers’ friends are always not acceptable.

　　D.Employers’ friends are always more difficult to get promotions.

　　答案:C

　　解析:細節理解題。由第二段中“When you promote people who are your friends,how will the rest of the company...You’ll be considered as a manager who plays favorites.”可知答案。

　　3.If an employee is one of your friends,he or she will treat you or your company rules 　.?

　　A.casually

　　B.seriously

　　C.differently

　　D.the same as other employees do

　　答案:A

　　解析:細節理解題。由第三段中“You don’t want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.”可知答案。

　　4.Employers cannot be equals with employees because　.?

　　A.only friends are equals

　　B.friendship is very complicated

　　C.their decisions may determine their employees’ future

　　D.the employees aren’t the types of people they like

　　答案:C

　　解析:細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知,老板和員工不可能身份平等,因為老板的決定對員工的前途有很大的影響。

　　5.What’s the author’s attitude to being friends with employees?

　　A.Agree. B.Disagree.

　　C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.

　　答案:B

　　解析:觀點態度題。根據第一段“...I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.”可知答案。

　　三、書面表達

　　實現有效的溝通,建立良好的人際關系,不僅要善于言表,更要學會傾聽。請你用英語寫一篇發言稿。要點如下:

　　為何傾聽 表示尊重,增進理解,建立良好的人際關系

　　誰來傾聽 家長傾聽孩子 理解孩子,消除代溝,……

　　老師傾聽學生 了解學生,滿足需求,……

　　同學相互傾聽 增進友誼,互幫互學,……

　　怎樣傾聽 (請考生聯系自己的情況擬定內容,列舉二至三點。)

　　注意:

　　1.對所給要點逐一陳述,適當發揮,不要簡單翻譯;

　　2.詞數:100左右;

　　3.開頭和結尾已經寫好,不計入總詞數;

　　4.演講稿中不得提及考生所在學校及本人姓名。

　　Good afternoon,everyone!

　　The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　Thank you for your listening!

　　參考范文:

　　Good afternoon,everyone!

　　The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.?

　　Good listening can always show respect,promote understanding,and improve interpersonal relationship.

　　Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children,so they will understand them better,and find it easy to narrow the generation gap;teachers should listen more to their students,then they can meet their needs better,and place themselves in a good relationship with their students;students should listen more to their classmates,thus they will help and learn from each other,and a friendship is likely to be formed.

　　What I want to stress is that each of us should listen to others.Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk;show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile;be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them.In a word,good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.

　　Thank you for your listening!

　　專題二十二　圖表類與說明文

　　針對高考訓練

　　一、單項填空

　　1.(2024山東濰坊聯考)—Wang Ming,will you take part in the coming National English proficiency contest?

　　— 　 We should catch the precious chance.?

　　A.Out of the question!B.That’s for sure.

　　C.For what? D.Why bother?

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查情景交際。答語的下一句提到“我們應該抓住這次寶貴的機會”,由此可知答話人“肯定”要參加。故B項符合語境。A項表示“不可能”;C項表示“那又怎么樣”;D項表示“為什么費事”。

　　2.(2024湖北八市高三調考) Many people see the use of “dama” as　 that the more advanced a country becomes,the more influential its language is.?

　　A.evidence B.balance

　　C.reference D.preference

　　答案:A

　　解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:很多人認為“大媽”一詞的使用證明一個國家越發達,這個國家的語言影響力也會越大。evidence“證據,證明”;balance“平衡”;reference“參考”;preference“喜歡;偏好”。根據句意可知選A項。

　　3.We should give the disabled encouragement to live 　 as we do.?

　　A.as a rich and full life

　　B.as rich and full a life

　　C.so a rich and full life

　　D.so rich and full a life

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查as...as的用法。句意:我們應該給那些殘疾人以鼓勵讓他們過上和我們一樣富有和豐富的生活。當so,as,how等后面跟的名詞是可數名詞時,把形容詞放在冠詞之前,如so cold a day,故選B項。

　　4.(2024河北保定高三模擬)It is acknowledged that 　 shortest distance between persons is 　 sincere smile.?

　　A.a;the B.the;a

　　C.a;不填 D.the;不填

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查冠詞用法。句意:人們普遍認為人與人之間最短的距離是真誠的微笑。第一空考查形容詞最高級前加the;第二空考查抽象名詞具體化,a smile“一次微笑”。

　　5.—Do you think a war will break out between the two countries?

　　—　Their conflict can be settled if they’re willing to sit down for peace talks.?

　　A.No way. B.That’s for true.

　　C.Why not? D.It depends.

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查交際用語。句意:——你認為這兩國之間會有戰爭爆發嗎?——視情況而定了。如果他們愿意坐下來和平談判的話,他們的沖突可能會被解決。No way.“沒門。”;That’s for true.“確實如此。”;Why not?“為什么不?”;It depends.“視情況而定”。根據句意可知選D項。

　　6.(2024江蘇揚州中學高三模擬)A good “teammate” doesn’t 　 make a good partner.Those who put their partners in this category were most 　 to describe their relationship as slightly unhappy.?

　　A.necessarily;possibly B.likely;possibly

　　C.necessarily;likely D.likely;likely

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查副詞和形容詞。句意:一個好隊員未必是個好伙伴。把同伴放在這個類別里面的人最有可能把他們的關系描述成有點不愉快的。第一空是not necessarily“未必”;第二空用likely,因為這是Sb. is likely to do...“某人有可能做……”。

　　7.The number of those missing in the New Zealand’s quake was reported more than 200,including those recovered bodies that have yet to be 　.?

　　A.judged B.recognized

　　C.identified D.confirmed

　　答案:C

　　解析:judge“鑒別”;recognize“辨認出”;identify“辨明身份”;confirm“證實”,此處意指對死者身份的辨別,故用identified。

　　8.—I wonder why the thinnest plastic bags,though 　,are still in use here.?

　　—Well,it’s no easy job to solve this problem effectively.

　　A.banning B.banned

　　C.to ban D.having banned

　　答案:B

　　解析:ban “禁止”,與主語plastic bags是動賓關系,故用過去分詞形式banned跟在連接詞though后面。

　　9.It has been blamed that fireworks 　 during the Spring Festival often lead to danger and pollution.?

　　A.got off B.turned off

　　C.set off D.put off

　　答案:C

　　解析:句意:春節期間放煙花經常導致危險和污染,這已受到了責備。此處用過去分詞set off作定語修飾fireworks表示“引爆”。get off“離開;動身”;turn off“關閉”;put off“推遲”。

　　10.I’m sorry I didn’t hear what you said.I 　 the picture.?

　　A.am looking at B.looked at

　　C.has looked at D.was looking at

　　答案:D

　　解析:句意:對不起,我沒有聽清你所說的話,我(剛才)正在看這幅畫。此處要用過去進行時表示剛才正在進行的狀態。

　　二、閱讀理解

　　Should you be friends with your employees?I’m the type of person who likes to be friends with everyone.As I developed my company,I got to a point where I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.Here are the issues:

　　You’ll naturally become closer friends with some people,but others will think you play favorites.When you promote people who are your friends,how will the rest of the company view that promotion and how will that influence your team’s culture and the people who are promoted?Even if the promotion is well deserved,other employees are unlikely to view it that way.You’ll be considered as a manager who plays favorites.And,realistically,it’s probably hard not to at least subconsciously (潛意識地) favor your friends.

　　Your friends treat you differently compared to your employees.You don’t want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.

　　Your employees might find it easier not to be friends with you.Let’s say you have an employee who works hard and doesn’t have enough time for his or her family and friends.Do they want you as a friend?Probably not.It was easy for me to be friends with everyone when we had 25 employees.But it is much more difficult when we had over 150 employees.

　　Friends are equals.You’ll make decisions that determine who gets specific tasks,compensation and other things that are very important to your employees’ future.That doesn’t make you equals,and it creates a lot of problems for your friendship.

　　Friends talk about work with each other.The last thing you want to do is to be involved in office gossip.If you’re friends with an employee and that employee complains about work,what do you do with that information?If you do nothing,you’re basically agreeing with what he or she says.However,they probably don’t want someone who will force them to deal with the problem.

　　【語篇導讀】老板是老板,員工是員工,別以為老板跟員工交朋友是什么好事,那會存在許多弊端。

　　1.What is this passage mainly about?

　　A.How to make friends with employees.

　　B.Advantages of being friends with employees.

　　C.Friendship between employers and employees.

　　D.Disadvantages of being friends with employees.

　　答案:D

　　解析:主旨大意題。由第一段中“As I developed my company,I got to a point where I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.”和下文的舉例可知文章主要講關于老板和員工做朋友的弊端。

　　2.What can we learn from this passage?

　　A.Employees are ready to be friends with employers.

　　B.It is necessary for employers to be friends with employees.

　　C.The promotions of employers’ friends are always not acceptable.

　　D.Employers’ friends are always more difficult to get promotions.

　　答案:C

　　解析:細節理解題。由第二段中“When you promote people who are your friends,how will the rest of the company...You’ll be considered as a manager who plays favorites.”可知答案。

　　3.If an employee is one of your friends,he or she will treat you or your company rules 　.?

　　A.casually

　　B.seriously

　　C.differently

　　D.the same as other employees do

　　答案:A

　　解析:細節理解題。由第三段中“You don’t want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.”可知答案。

　　4.Employers cannot be equals with employees because　.?

　　A.only friends are equals

　　B.friendship is very complicated

　　C.their decisions may determine their employees’ future

　　D.the employees aren’t the types of people they like

　　答案:C

　　解析:細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知,老板和員工不可能身份平等,因為老板的決定對員工的前途有很大的影響。

　　5.What’s the author’s attitude to being friends with employees?

　　A.Agree. B.Disagree.

　　C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.

　　答案:B

　　解析:觀點態度題。根據第一段“...I realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.”可知答案。

　　三、書面表達

　　實現有效的溝通,建立良好的人際關系,不僅要善于言表,更要學會傾聽。請你用英語寫一篇發言稿。要點如下:

　　為何傾聽 表示尊重,增進理解,建立良好的人際關系

　　誰來傾聽 家長傾聽孩子 理解孩子,消除代溝,……

　　老師傾聽學生 了解學生,滿足需求,……

　　同學相互傾聽 增進友誼,互幫互學,……

　　怎樣傾聽 (請考生聯系自己的情況擬定內容,列舉二至三點。)

　　注意:

　　1.對所給要點逐一陳述,適當發揮,不要簡單翻譯;

　　2.詞數:100左右;

　　3.開頭和結尾已經寫好,不計入總詞數;

　　4.演講稿中不得提及考生所在學校及本人姓名。

　　Good afternoon,everyone!

　　The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　?

　　Thank you for your listening!

　　參考范文:

　　Good afternoon,everyone!

　　The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.?

　　Good listening can always show respect,promote understanding,and improve interpersonal relationship.

　　Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children,so they will understand them better,and find it easy to narrow the generation gap;teachers should listen more to their students,then they can meet their needs better,and place themselves in a good relationship with their students;students should listen more to their classmates,thus they will help and learn from each other,and a friendship is likely to be formed.

　　What I want to stress is that each of us should listen to others.Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk;show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile;be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them.In a word,good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.

　　Thank you for your listening!